There are about 5000 animal shelters in the United States. About 5
million dogs enter these shelters each year, and more than half must
be euthanized. A surprisingly small percentage of dogs who enter these
shelters - only about 15% - are returned to their owners. Some shelters
have policies which restrict the killing of dogs for non-medical
reasons, but most of these “No-Kill” shelters must frequently turn
dogs away because of overcrowding.
Some dogs are in animal shelters because their owners were no
longer able to care for them. Others are there for behavioral reasons
such as fear, aggression or housebreaking.
Canine Dimensions dog trainers work with shelters throughout the country to help establish training programs for dogs, help conduct temperament evaluations, and provide safety training for staff and volunteers.
We have also assisted
Canine CellMates
in Atlanta, GA with the evaluation of dogs entering their program.
Canine Cellmates is a program that operates out of Fulton County Jail
in Atlanta, Georgia. Their mission is to help rehabilitate inmates at
Fulton County Jail and homeless dogs from Fulton County Animal Services
through a Good Behavior Incentive program. They give inmates a
productive new sense of hope and newly trained skills to care for and
train shelter dogs, while giving the dogs the skills they need in order
to become adopted into loving and caring homes.
Most dogs become available for adoption, while others go on to train as
service dogs and some are placed in the homes of veterans who need a
companion. The inmates learn responsibility in caring for a dog,
accountability in working towards a goal and experience the
unconditional love and positive physical contact that caring for a dog
provides.
The incidence of violence in prisons and jails where these types
of programs are in place has shown a marked decrease, sometimes as much
as 50%. Recidivism rates have also shown dramatic improvements.
Canine Dimensions certified dog trainer Amanda Striker conducted hundreds of temperament evaluations for dogs who entered the program. To get a
group of about 10 dogs she had to test between 40 and 50 dogs for issues
such as fear, aggression and resource guarding. Careful selection of the
right dogs for this program helped insure its incredible success.
There are simple and very effective methods that YOU can use to
select the dog that’s right for your family.
Remember, your goal is not
to find the perfect dog - but rather the dog that's perfect for you. Let's get started!
Going to the animal shelter can be a heart wrenching experience
when you see how many wagging tails are just looking for a good home.
If you have decided to adopt a pet dog from a local rescue
organization or animal shelter, you are about to save a life! Many
people feel that shelter dogs make the best pets. Some of the best dog
and owner relationships that we have seen, first started in a local
shelter.
But there’s also the other side of the coin – people sometimes go to the shelter and pick a dog that's a bit too much for them to handle, or one that is not the best match for their lifestyle.
Choosing a dog that’s right for your family is no simple
task. You are likely to be overwhelmed by the large number of dogs you
will encounter. In fact, without a plan, the odds are against finding
one who is a really good match. With so many dogs to choose from, it
makes a lot of sense to take a logical approach rather than an
emotional one.
Picture the PERFECT dog for your family. Before even thinking about
going to the shelter, do the following - gather everyone
together and ask each family member to name the characteristics that
make up the perfect dog. Maybe everyone will agree and this will be an
easy exercise, but if your family is anything like mine there will be
a wide variety of opinions on this subject. In general the most
likely answer will be that the perfect dog for your family is a
playful but quiet, shaggy but short haired, big but small, male but
female, young but not too young, older but not too old lovable dog.
This would be a dog your daughter can jog with who also enjoys sitting
by the fire with your wife. A calm dog who enjoys playing fetch with
your son who also happens to be very smart, but not smart enough to
figure out how to open up the trash can.
Try to picture the perfect dog but make a list according to your
priorities. You’re probably going to have to compromise on a few things,
but starting out by identifying what the perfect dog looks like to
your family is a valuable exercise, well worth the time.
Once you've done this and you are ready to start visiting your local shelters, be sure to avoid these common mistakes:
Mistake #1: Choosing a Dog With Your Heart (Instead of Your Head)
Don’t adopt on impulse. Follow a plan. Do not make this important decision based solely on emotion.
Mistake #2: “Rescuing” the Fearful, Trembling Dog in the Corner
While a certain amount of fear is common in new arrivals to a
shelter, a dog with chronic fear (we’ll teach you how to tell the
difference below) is a poor match for anyone but an experienced owner, and often requires the help of an in-home trainer. Don’t take on a “Project Dog”
unless you have the time, money, patience and a commitment for training.
Mistake #3: Not Paying Attention to Advice from the Shelter Staff
The shelter staff can often provide quite a bit of valuable
information about the dogs under their care. In essence, the shelter
staff is acting as the “foster parents” of the dogs there at that
time. Before getting into specifics about any particular dog, it's
always a good idea to get to know them a little bit first by asking
them questions in a friendly and curious manner about how long they
have been there and how they came to work at the shelter. Also,
remember people that generally like to talk about themselves and also
love to give advice. If you encourage them to tell their story and
also put in their two cents by allowing them to give their opinion,
they can be a source of invaluable information. Asking questions is a
great place to start. Engage them in conversation by asking specific
questions, and listening carefully to the answers. Many of these
people are volunteers who are dedicated to helping people and pets.
Take advantage of their knowledge and expertise. Specific questions
like, “We have a lot of little kids running in and out of the house all
day. Which dogs here would be OK with that?” Try to get specific
answers. Those that really bond with certain dogs and want them to get
adopted will tell you a lot about the dog if given a chance to give
their opinion and advice.
Many shelters and animal adoption centers utilize standardized
screening protocols like the ASPCA’s “Meet Your Match” (MYM) tests.
Shelter staff uses MYM to assess a number of factors in pet dogs.
Things like food aggression, separation anxiety can be identified when
the tests are done right. Those multicolored cards used as part of
the MYM tests (usually posted in front of each kennel) can give you
valuable clues about the dogs in their care. MYM cards say things like
“I’m a Goofball” or “I’m a Couch Potato” or “I’m a Teacher’s Pet” and
more. These cards represent the results of evaluations that have been
done by shelter staff according to ASPCA testing standards.
Be sure to take advantage of the dedication and skill that
shelter employees and volunteers possess. But a word of caution, be
careful not to make the next mistake on our list:
Mistake #4: Listening Too Much to Shelter Staff
Ultimately, the decision to add a particular dog to your family is a decision that only you can make. Take good counsel from shelter staff but don’t delegate your decision to anyone else.
Mistake #5: Forgetting to Ask the Most Important Question
Selecting a dog is like any other decision. You start with a big
list of choices and you narrow it down to a select few. In dog
selection, the single most important factor in separating the wheat
from the chaff is this: sociability. Measuring sociability is
done by determining the dog's desire to seek out the company of others
and seeing how friendly and pleasant the dog is.
Every now and then one of our dog trainers will visit a client who
has adopted a profoundly insecure, or unsociable, or sometimes even a
downright nasty dog. When we ask them whether they received
any input from shelter workers before deciding to take Cujo home with
them, we usually get the same answer, “I didn’t ask.”
It’s YOUR JOB to ask the right questions. Be sure to ask this
one: “Who are the most outgoing, easygoing, friendly dogs that are here?” Put these dogs on your short list.
Here is a quick test you can do as you meet a few possible adoption candidate dogs:
Caution - any dog, even the "friendliest" looking dog, can bite - do the following tests at your own risk. If at any point in the test you observe threatening or aggressive behavior, end the test and move on to the next dog.
The more dogs you evaluate the better you will become at reading their behavior.
You will need to bring a tennis ball, a tug rope and some
high-value food treats (e.g. hot dogs, liver treats, etc.). Don’t let
the dog see or smell any of these items until it’s time.
A) Approach The Kennel.
3 Points: The dog shows a friendly interest in you. He moves
to the front of the cage. Open mouth, happy expression and a nice,
low, sweeping wag of the tail, are all good signs. Jumping up on the
cage door in a
friendly way is another sign of sociability.
2 Points: A high “flag” with the tail, with short fast
movement, means the dog is a little too stimulated by your arrival and
is possibly warning you to back off.
1 Point: The dog completely ignores you.
0 Points: The dog cowers and moves away, showing fear; or
the dog lunges at the cage door, barks and/or snarls angrily, growls, or freezes up stiffly displaying the whites of his eyes.
B) Ask the kennel worker to bring the dog to the
screening area. (Shelters usually have a room or an outside area
specifically set aside for these meetings.) Once inside this private
screening area, stand about 4 feet from the dog, facing in his
direction but not looking directly at him. DO NOT MAKE EYE CONTACT WITH THE DOG AND DO NOT TALK TO THE DOG. Wait 30 seconds. During these 30 seconds watch for the following:
3 Points: The dog makes gentle physical contact with you. A sniff, a gentle rub or nudge to get your attention.
2 Points: The dog jumps up on you in a friendly way.
1 Point: The dog ignores you.
0 Points: The dog hides behind the kennel worker, or barks
angrily at you, or makes "rude" physical contact with you (e.g. a
hard nose bump, jumps up and mouths you, etc..)
If the dog scores a “0” on any of the following items, end the test immediately.
C) After the 30 seconds have elapsed, stand directly in
front of the dog, bend over slightly and make direct eye contact with
the dog, saying nothing.
3 Points: A visibly friendly reaction such as a low tail
wag, or a move in order to get closer to you or a play bow (front end
on floor, rear end in the air).
2 Points: Dog looks away.
1 Point: Dog stares back at you, or barks at you.
0 Points: Angry or fearful reaction, e.g. tail tucked, or a high-held “flagging” tail, or a growl.
D) Pet the dog 3 times - from his neck to his tail - long, slow strokes. Pause exactly 2 seconds between each stroke.
3 Points: Dog moves closer to you or leans up against you between strokes.
2 Points: Dog ignores the petting but stays in place.
1 Point: Dog gets excited, tail wags fast, jumps up to demand more attention.
0 Points: Dog stiffens and/or growls and/or moves away between strokes.
E) Crouch down and pet the dog again, while talking softly to the dog.
3 Points: Dog moves closer to you, tail wags.
2 Points: Dog ignores the hug but stays in place.
1 Point: Dog gets excited, tail wags fast, and/or jumps up to demand more attention.
0 Points: Dog stiffens and/or growls and/or moves away.
F) Handle the dog’s front paws, gently but firmly, for about 5 seconds each.
3 Points: The dog tolerates this.
0 Points: Stiffening, hackling, growling, barking, mouthing, snapping, excessive startling or fear.
Assuming he has made it this far without showing aggression or
excessive nervousness or fear, your candidate dog is now ready to tell
you little bit more about himself. That brings us to the final test
items:
G) Evaluate the dog’s play drive, prey drive and food drive.
Speak in a pleasant, high pitched voice and move around a bit as
you produce the tennis ball. Toss it past him and see if he chases it.
Does he ignore it? Does he get it and run away, or bring it back to
you? Next, take out the tug rope and “tease” him a bit. See if he will
play tug with you. Your goal is to see if his drives match your
wish list in terms of activity level. A dog that is “ball crazy” is
probably going to enjoy chasing critters in the back yard (prey
drive).
A dog that will play tug with a total stranger (you) has pretty
good play drive, so he may not be a couch potato if that’s what you’re
looking for.
Finally, present a high value food treat such as a piece of hot
dog, and ask the dog to sit. If he won’t take the treat he may have
been be a bit more stressed by the preceding test items than you had
thought. If his interest in you intensifies after he takes the treat,
that’s good news - a dog who is very food motivated will be easier to
train using positive rewards.
Total possible points = 3 (Score 1 point each for the
“right” reaction, i.e. one that matches your desired activity level,
on the ball and tug test. Score 1 point if he takes the food treat.)
Now, total all points scored!
Scoring Guide:
| 18 to 21 Points |
Excellent |
| 14 to 17 Points |
Good |
| 9 to 13 Points |
Fair |
| Below 9 |
Poor |
Regardless of the above total, the dog has
not passed the test if:
- The dog showed extreme fear (trembling, shaking, hiding, avoiding contact) at any point; OR
- The dog behaved aggressively (growling, snarling, snapping, or prolonged stiffening) at any point; OR
- The dog showed little or no sociability (friendliness) during the
test. This is an extremely important point. It might take a little while
for some dogs to “warm up” but the dog must show some sociability by
the end of the test. Look for an overall attitude of friendliness on
the part of the dog. There should be a noticeable desire to connect with
you. This is an extremely important characteristic. If the dog scored
well numerically, but you’re not convinced that he showed sufficient
sociability, come back in a day or so and re-test the dog from start
to finish.
This may seem like a lot of work, but in the end you are deciding on adding a new member to your family. In my next post I'll discuss
what to do when you get your new dog home.
Bringing
a new dog into your home can be an exciting time. But many problems –
including fights - can occur if the introduction process is not handled
correctly. 
It’s
not uncommon to hear owners report that their dogs will only follow
commands inside the home, under low distraction, when they are focused
on a food treat. But add a distraction like playing outside, or going
to the park or vet’s office, and it seems like they can’t hear or
can’t remember anything they’ve been taught.